Andreas Koch und Peter Mandl (Hrsg.) (2003): Multi-Agenten-Systeme in der Geographie. Institut für Geographie und Regionalforschung der Universität Klagenfurt. Klagenfurter Geographische Schriften, Heft 23.

A Pedestrian Simulation for Very Large Scale Applications

Christian Gloor, Duncan Cavens, Eckart Lange, Kai Nagel
und Willy Schmid, Zürich

Zusammenfassung

Dieser Text stellt das Projekt “Planning with Virtual Alpine Landscapes and Autonomous Agents” (ALPSIM www page, accessed 2003) vor, welches vom Programm “Habitats and Landscapes of the Alps” des Schweizer Nationalfond finanziert wird. Das Projekt untersucht, inwieweit es möglich ist, Multiagentensimulationen einzusetzen, um landschaftliche Veränderungen in Touristengegenden in den Schweizer Alpen zu untersuchen. Das Projekt verwendet simulierte Agenten, welche die Landschaft “sehen” und entsprechend auf Veränderungen reagieren. Dieser Text beschreibt die allgemeinen Projektziele sowie Aspekte der Computerimplementation.

Schlüsselbegriffe: Multi-Agenten Modell, Planungsevaluation, Auswahl der Wanderrouten nach ästhetischen Gesichtspunkten, microscopic simulation, computational aspects, Lernen bei Agenten, Bewertung von visueller Landschaftsqualität, Modulares Software Engineering

Abstract

This paper introduces the project “Planning with Virtual Alpine Landscapes and Autonomous Agents” (ALPSIM www page, accessed 2003), which is funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation program “Habitats and Landscapes of the Alps.” The project explores the feasibility of using autonomous agent modeling to evaluate future scenarios in a tourist landscape in the Swiss Alps. The project uses simulated people (agents) who “see” the landscape as surrogates for real people, in order to test their reactions against the simulated scenarios. This paper describes the overall project goals and the computational approach used to attain them.

Keywords: multi-agent model, planning evaluation, aesthetic choice of hiking routes, microscopic simulations, computational aspects, learning of agents, visual landscape quality assessment, modular software engineering

Links to the References (15.4.2004)

ALPSIM www page (accessed 2003): Planning with Virtual Alpine Landscapes and Autonomous Agents. www.sim.inf.ethz.ch/projects/alpsim/ .

Gloor, C. and K. Nagel (2002): A pedestrian simulation for hiking in the Alps. In: Proceedings of Swiss Transport Research Conference (STRC). Monte Verita. See www.strc.ch .

MPI www page (accessed 2003): Message Passing Interface. http://www-unix.mcs.anl.gov/mpi/ .

PTV www page (accessed 2003): Planung Transport Verkehr. www.ptv.de .

PVM www page (accessed 2003): Parallel Virtual Machine. www.epm.ornl.gov/pvm/pvm_home.html .

Rickert, M. (1998): Traffic simulation on distributed memory computers. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Available via www.zaik.uni-koeln.de/~paper .

Timmermans, H. (2003): The saga of integrated land use-transport modeling: How many more dreams before we wake up? In: Proceedings of the meeting of the International Association for Travel Behavior Research (IATBR), Lucerne, Switzerland. See http://www.ivt.baum.ethz.ch/allgemein/iatbr2003.html .

TRANSIMS www page (accessed 2003): TRansportation ANalysis and SIMulation System. Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos. http://NM.transims.tsasa.lanl.gov .

Addresses of the authors (15.4.2004)

Christian Gloor Institute for Computational Science ETH Zürich Zentrum CH-8092 Zürich Tel.: 0041-(0)1-632-0432 Fax.: 0041-(0)1-632-1374 E-mail: chgloor@inf.ethz.ch Homepage: http://www.inf.ethz.ch/~chgloor/

Duncan Cavens Institute for Spatial and Landscape Planning ETH Zürich Hönggerberg CH-8093 Zürich Tel.: 0041-(0)1-633-2951 Fax: 0041-(0)1-633-1102 E-mail: cavens@nsl.ethz.ch Homepage: http://lep.ethz.ch/index.php?id=253

Dr. Eckart Lange Institute for Spatial and Landscape Planning ETH Zürich Hönggerberg CH-8093 Zürich Tel.: 0041-(0)1-633-2951 Fax: 0041-(0)1-633-1102 E-mail: lange@nsl.ethz.ch Homepage: http://lep.ethz.ch/index.php?id=259

Prof. Dr. Kai Nagel Institute for Computational Science ETH Zürich Zentrum CH-8092 Zürich Tel.: 0041-(0)1-632-5427 Fax.: 0041-(0)1-632-1374 E-mail: nagel@inf.ethz.ch Homepage: http://www.inf.ethz.ch/~nagel/

Prof. Dr. Willy A. Schmid Institute for Spatial and Landscape Planning ETH Zürich Hönggerberg CH-8093 Zürich Tel.: 0041-(0)1-633-2957 Fax: 0041-(0)1-633-1102 E-mail: schmid@nsl.ethz.ch Homepage: http://lep.ethz.ch/index.php?id=246

Im Heft nur in Schwarzweiß reproduzierte Abbildungen

Figure 4: Traces of hikers in the naive model, where they are all pulled toward the same way-point. Note how the trajectories focus near the way-point, and diverge before and after. The width of the path remains unchanged.

Figure 6: Traces of pedestrians walking in the same direction according to our model. Note that they stay on their side of the path, even at a bend.

Figure 10: First run. All agents have the same destination, and at this stage, the same route.